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GDC 2008 - Insomniac SPU Programming

A truly excellent PowerPoint article on SPU usage, programming and techniques by Mike Acton and Eric Christensen from GDC 08.

"Insomniac's SPU Best Practices - Hard-won lessons we're applying to a 3rd generation PS3 title."

The article includes technical drawings, code, and best practices. Showing the evolution from Resistance Fall of Man to Resistance 2.

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insomniacgames.com
Joey Gladstone6631d ago (Edited 6631d ago )

"I am a huge proponent of not automatically managing too many things (e.g. memory via malloc or time via a scheduler) for a console game. I believe very strongly that it forces the team to keep things simple.".....I cant think of a company more willing to take risks, and do whats right for the game than Insomniac......keep up the Top Notch Games....and I'll keep buying them lol
..
....
....."The JOEY has Spoken"

mighty_douche6631d ago

WOW, read and keep up with what i could ,but alot went start over my head. Wish i understood more : )

decapitator6631d ago

Am waiting for someone to translate this in Layman's terms for me.

mighty_douche6631d ago (Edited 6631d ago )

That's a lot of translating to do! : )

Bombomb6631d ago

it amazes me what people say on here and probably how much of it is rather rubbish, as opposed to a developer that knows what they are talking about.

ruibing6631d ago (Edited 6631d ago )

He's talking automanagement of a programmer's resources.

If you think about Java, most resources are automatically managed by the Java Virtual Machine, such as garbage collection and etc. It makes life a lot easier since you don't have to worry so much about memory leakage.

When it comes to C/C++, you have much more control over this matter. The malloc() function is used for dynamic memory allocation in which you can create an array of a fixed type and size. It basically makes sure a fixed array of a specific size is readily available so it does not been to be created on-the-fly, so it minimizes memory usage and speeds up processing. But of course you must free up the memory afterwards, since a function thats repeatedly called and keeps on allocating new memory without freeing any will cause problems. A scheduler is kind of vague, but it often has to do with some interrupt service routine that manages certain background and foreground activities.

His point is that his team seems to prefer doing a lot of the low level programming details manually. It tends to optimize the code at the cost of more developer's time due to the need to manually write it out and check it (since its more error prone and might even cause a run-time error versus a compile-time error).

I just wish he went into more detail, it was a bit too vague for my taste. But I'm still amazed they are on the 3rd generation game for the PS3 during the Q1 of the second year. Automating resources may actually be a flaw in other developers if the top notch first party developers are all doing it manually, this may actually be one of the reasons cross platformers that are lead by the 360 don't perform so well when they maintain automated resources on the PS3. But this problem will become minimized as the compilers for the PS3 source codes improve in automatically taking advantage of the SPUs.

Jeanne6631d ago

There are two main issues that addressed by Cell:

1) Clock speed in chips pretty much hit a wall

2) Memory speed is much slower than chip speeds

To solve 1) you need to increase parallelism. Hence multiple SPUs running in parallel with the PPU.

To solve 2) you need to hide as much latency(ie waiting for data to arrive to be worked on) as possible. The SPUs are designed to independently load in data the need while they are working on other data.

Jeanne6631d ago

Pretty much all game code is some form of:

1) Load the data you need into the cache so your code can operate on it

2) Operate on that data that is in the cache

3) Store that data back to main memory(or another chip's cache in parallel systems)

With a desktop x86 CPU in most people's computers there is a small but fast cache that the chip fetches data into in blocks. So as you work on a piece of memory the next X bytes are read in at the same time.

With Cell's SPUs you now have 7 caches but instead of the chips being in control of what you load into the small but fast local memory, you the programmer are. With the SPUs you have full control over asynchronously loading in data to be worked on.

Insomniac is stating in the slides that working with Cell is in essence exactly like working with any other chip. You are still performing those three steps listed above, but now you have more parallelism and much more control over where and when data gets loaded in and stored back when you are done.

They are stating that there is nothing 'new' about anything in Cell. Just the details of how you solve the same problems you do with any other chip.

When you read about these X percent of SPU usage and see some of these graphs that are in the presentation they are really just describing how effectively they are doing steps 1-3 above.

In fully optimized Cell code every SPUs is running constantly with work to do. And each SPU is doing the following constantly:

1) Start a DMA(asynchronous memory load) of the next set of data to work on

2) Work on the current set of data in local memory

3) When both 1&2 are done DMA the results of 2 back to main memory or another SPU

4) Goto 1)

So as you optimize your PS3 engines you are squeezing more and more parallelism and finding more and more ways to hide latency of loading and storing of data.

tfur6631d ago

Here is a nice thread with some details you might enjoy...

http://forum.beyond3d.com/s...

+ Show (5) more repliesLast reply 6631d ago
tfur6631d ago (Edited 6631d ago )

summary/notes...

Get used to multi-core programming, it is here to stay and that coding for the SPU's is not as hard as the FUD will have you believe.

Data design is the most important aspect of coding, especially for consoles and efficiency.

As far as in relation to Resistance 1 and 2... It shows extreme optimization of both what the PPU does and what the SPU's do. SPU usage has gone up considerably, and PPU efficiency has as well. Notice the shrinking of the orange PPU time that cannot be overlapped.

tfur6631d ago

New Full Moon podcast out tomorrow... with more Resistance 2 updates...

"There's some Resistance 2 updates - including our favorite Brit (not Rolf) stopping by to talk about mo-cap - and make my life editing hell as I have to constantly edit out his references to a creature we haven't announced yet."

http://www.insomniacgames.c...

PSWe606631d ago

hope they stop by EA and show em' a thing or two

fenderputty6631d ago

for free. I don't know if it's all their coding but, the announced at GDC that anyone, including you and I, could check it out. These guys are a class act.

mighty_douche6631d ago

Imagine if ALL development house's were as generous! We'd have games now that wont be possible for years.

fenderputty6631d ago (Edited 6631d ago )

I know. Creativity and origionality would still be left up to the dev to create something people want but, all games would benifit from this on a graphical and technical stanpoint. I really think this is puts Insomniac in a class of their own. Not only are they good at what they do but, they learned lessons about sharing from their mothers when they were younger too.

Show all comments (27)
130°

Video Game Franchises in Danger of Being Forgotten

The gaming industry moves at such a pace that it’s not surprising we’ve seen countless franchises fall into obscurity over the years.

Read Full Story >>
culturedvultures.com
S2Killinit537d ago

Im surprised that a game with a heritage of Medal of Honor is in this list.

cthulhucultist537d ago

There is a rumour that Driver 1 & 2 remasters will be released for Switch and presumably for other systems as well.

https://www.gamingbible.com...

Not sure however whether this results into new games in the near future.

HellspawnPR1981537d ago

Ninja Gaiden? Splinter Cell? Tenchu? Virtua Fighter? Killer Instinct? Killzone?

DefenderOfDoom2537d ago

I would very much enjoy
a new dedicated single player Killzone campaign. With a fun multi-player.

cthulhucultist537d ago

Tenchu and Killer Instict would be great indeed!

Unfortunately new Killzone game does not seem to be in the works

Virtua Fighter is going to receive a new entry!

https://www.dualshockers.co...

Splinter Cell is likely to be one of the remasters launching next year (not sure whether this has to do anything with the remake previously announced)

https://toronto.ubisoft.com...

HellspawnPR1981537d ago

Yeah, read the news about a new Virtua Fighter and I am so ready for it. Splinter Cell at this point I don't believe anything Ubisoft says plus I don't think modern day Ubisoft can make a decent stealth game. They will likely fuck it up.

Inverno537d ago

Basically everything at this point as companies have no concern with preservation.

Show all comments (11)
260°

It’s Time for Sony to Bring Back Killzone and Resistance

Sony is in the middle of an FPS crisis, but bringing back two much-loved PlayStation shooters could easily be the solution.

shinoff2183694d ago

I'd rather them focus on a rpg. Shooters can wait

just_looken694d ago

We have alot of rpg's but only cod for a AAA first person shooter unless you toss in xdefient but that is still fixing 2yr old beta issues.

We need more AAA fps games then rpg's

shinoff2183694d ago

Yea right. Theirs so many shooters on the market.

just_looken694d ago

@shin

Name 3 AAA fps games coming out this year

Cacabunga693d ago

I want Killzone yea, but as a gaas no buy!

Cacabunga693d ago

Yes we need some new FPS experiences.. COD is just not engaging enough. We want a Killzone back to the roots, not a Shadow Fall again..

+ Show (1) more replyLast reply 693d ago
Crows90694d ago

There's tons of RPG in the market too...what's your point exactly.

RaidenBlack693d ago

No Killzone or Resistance or Factions for you ... only Concord & FairGame$

Ironmike694d ago

No more rpg for a while would love a new resistance though

DarXyde694d ago

Agree on preferring RPGs though at this exact moment, it would be great to see more horror games. Another reason why Japan Studio closing is just tragic. Loved Siren.

just_looken694d ago (Edited 694d ago )

Fuck jim ryan japan studio did so much and helped alot with ports/localization

If they were around bloodborn would be possible like how they helped with demon souls ps4 finial fantasy port.

Horror games would be nice but the jim ryan axe job helped alot in killing playstation dev numbers/freedom and increased regulation with the new censorship crap.

1Victor694d ago

If Sony is bringing back a old shooter I would prefer Warhawk or better yet Starhawk

Rynxie694d ago

No thanks. Resistance and killzone were my all time favorite fps games. I completely dominated those games. I met good people, had a ton of fun and have a lot of fond memories. I don't want them to bring back these games, unless they tackle the cheating epidemic. I know I will absolutely hate these games, if I was to play them now, with all the effing cheating going on in fps games.

Psychonaut85694d ago

Bro the market is oversaturated with quality RPGs AND bloated shitty RPGs already.

+ Show (4) more repliesLast reply 693d ago
Inverno694d ago

I honestly don't think we'll be seeing these anytime soon, if ever. Insomniac is officially on Marvel duty since it seems that all they're working on based off the leaks, and Horizon is more of what the casuals want these days. And I now I'll get a bunch of disagrees, but keep in mind that Resistance last got a game on the PS3 (2011) and Killzone was a launch title for the PS4 (2013). 10 years is a long time to make a game, if had any interest they would've done it by now, add InFamous to that list.

just_looken694d ago (Edited 694d ago )

Your right except the dates killzone mercenary was on ps vita 2013 same with resistance burning skies back in 2012

Good-Smurf694d ago

Both of those games are either made by smaller B team or completely different developer.
Killzone Mercenary developed by Guerilla Cambridge which is now defunct.
Resistamce Burning Skies wasn't made by Insomniac but by Nihilistic Software also defunct after the failure of CoD Black Ops Declassified.

just_looken694d ago

@good i know i never said they were

I mentioned them as they were the last games under that ip well killzone was last on ps4 but still even though they are different devs they led to the lose of the ip.

I highly doubt they made up for there budget cost even killzone on ps4 had low sales for such a large ip at the time.

shinoff2183694d ago

Infamous should atleast get remastered. I'd be cool with that

SPEAKxTHExTRUTH694d ago

Resistance 3 turned me off to the series but I’d love a reboot. KillZone I think can stay dead. Give me a new Resistance like 1or 2 and I’ll be happy.

JEECE694d ago

Except Resistance 1 and 3 were far more similar, 2 was the outlier. 3 was a great return to form after 2 changed so many things from the first game.

SPEAKxTHExTRUTH694d ago

I didn’t like 3 and I didn’t find it similar to the first game.

Moegooner694d ago

2 was the best resistance game.

Michiel1989694d ago

agreed, the co-op was my fav in 2

Michiel1989694d ago

I'll keep saying it, have Bungie make a new resistance game, a match made in heaven. Although I imagine Bungie would be too proud to take over an existing IP.

Huey_My_D_Long694d ago

I honestly never cared or liked killzone. Huge resistance fan though. I remember so many nights playing melee only on USS Lexington, and I like the alt history vibe.

InUrFoxHole694d ago

Liked KZ more but both those games are better than MAG

Huey_My_D_Long693d ago

Facts.
Since I'm down memory lane, I also wish for remaster of Warhawk.

P_Bomb694d ago

I’ve been barking up that tree for years. 😢

OtterX694d ago

Keep barking, boy! Keep barking! Never give up hope. ;)

Show all comments (66)
350°

PlayStation 3 Games That Desperately Need a PS5 Remaster

The PlayStation 3 may not have been the strongest generation for Sony, but there were still some diamonds in the rough that deserve a revisit as PS5 remasters.

Read Full Story >>
wealthofgeeks.com
OtterX784d ago (Edited 784d ago )

Even if they could just remaster and put on PSVR2, some would still look great as VR titles and could do a whole lot to bolster the headset w these exclusives! I'd imagine the investment of reworking these titles into VR would be way less than building new games from the ground up, and they could be amazing experiences, and VR often makes flat games feel fresh again. The Resistance and Killzone games are particularly what I want to see!!

Rude-ro783d ago

I played killzone 3 in 3d and it really changed the game per being immersive.
In vr, that would be even more awesome.

darthv72783d ago

Funny you mention that... my son wanted to play some PS3 games in 3d on my PS tv and he was blown away by how good KZ3 was. It really was a great addition to the game. Im surprised there have not been more 3d games from that era being ported to the PSVR/VR2.

_SilverHawk_783d ago

resistance 1-3, killzone 1-3, uncharted 1-3, uncharted golden abyss, folklore, socom 4 , motorstorm, twisted metal, MAG, heavenly sword

Cacabunga783d ago

Killzone 2+3
Sly Thieves in Time
Crack in Time
God of War Ascension
Motorstorm
Modnation racer
Infamous 1+2

Profchaos783d ago (Edited 783d ago )

Killzone trilogy in VR would be amazing bonus points if they offer shadow fall.

There was a psvr1 Killzone project that supermassive was working on at one stage which wasn't up to scratch and Sony brand it back in house I was hoping we would see that on psvr2 eventually.

Personally I'd love to see some more love or acknowledgement of psvr2 from Sony in general it was a expensive headset and Sony barely acknowledge it's existence

seanpitt23783d ago

The amount of work needed to remaster these games wouldn't be beneficial on a financial and business sense.. MGS4 would probably be the best bet as it would need the least amount of work!

Iceball2000784d ago

YEAAASSSSS! I miss this franchise and wanna play it so bad again.

Father__Merrin784d ago

The time is perfect for a resistance fall of man game campaign coop multiplayer

InUrFoxHole784d ago

The resistance series is str8 trash to me. Socom 3 I would welcome. Or killzone MP.

Marcus Fenix784d ago

A Resistance reboot will be awesome

Michiel1989783d ago

That's what Bungie should make, Ill keep saying it until it happens

1Victor784d ago (Edited 784d ago )

Resistance was ok but Warhawk and Starhawk was better and kept me coming back for almost a decade of fun and petty revenge on the loud mouth unskilled players 🤣
Edit I loved capture the flag dropping the pot on the flag carrier was extremely satisfying as well as transforming your plane in bot form and stumping them to death 😱

784d ago
Michiel1989783d ago

Resistance was the best co-op fps I ever played after L4D2

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